"Intwari itagaragara" mu gutunganya umwanda - Uzuza ibinyabuzima

Wigeze wibaza uburyoIbimera byo gutunganya umwandaguhindura umwanda wuzuye mu mazi meza? Usibye imisanzu ya mikorobe, hari nibikoresho bitanga bucece - byuzuza ibinyabuzima. Ninkaho "inzu yibidukikije" mumazi, itanga aho iba mikorobe kandi ikikuba kabiri imikorere yo gutunganya imyanda. Uyu munsi, reka turebe iyi "ntwari itagaragara"!

I. Uzuza ibinyabuzima ni iki?

Igisobanuro:Biofiller nigikoresho cyibanze gitwara mugikorwa cyo gutunganya amazi mabi ya biofilm, mubisanzwe ibintu byoroshye, hejuru-yubuso-buke bukomeye. Irashobora kwamamaza mikorobe kugirango ikore biofilm kandi ikureho umwanda binyuze muri biodegradation hamwe na adsorption physique.
Imikorere yibanze:
Tanga ikibanza cya mikorobe ifatanye kandi yongere biomass kubunini bwa buri gice.
Kongerera igihe mikorobe yo gutura no kunoza uburyo bwo kuvanaho imyanda ihumanya (nka azote ya amoniya n’ibinyabuzima).

Igishushanyo.1 Ibinyabuzima byuzuza ibinyabuzima

II. Ibiranga ibinyabuzima byuzuza

1. Igishushanyo mbonera cya Hydraulic
Ibikoresho bya fluid yamashanyarazi yibinyabuzima bigaragarira cyane mubice bine: ubuso bwihariye, imiterere ya pore, imiterere ya geometrike hamwe nubucucike. Ubuso bwihariye buringaniye nuburyo bwibanze bwo gukomeza kwibumbira hejuru ya biomass muri reaktor, kandi urwego rwa biomass rugena mu buryo butaziguye imikorere yangiza ya sisitemu. Nyamara, kwiyongera k'ubuso bwihariye bizarushaho icyarimwe icyarimwe kurwanya amazi, bikavamo kwiyongera kw'ingufu zikoreshwa mu kirere.

Ingano ya porosity igira ingaruka itaziguye ikoreshwa rya reaktor. Umubyigano mwinshi urashobora kwongerera igihe nyacyo cyo guturamo amazi y’amazi, kugabanya kurwanya imigezi, kugabanya ibyago byo guhagarara no gutemba-bigufi, kandi bikagabanya umubare w’ibinyabuzima byuzuza n’ibikorwa remezo.

2. Ibisabwa kugirango imiti ihamye
Ibinyabuzima bigomba kurwanya ruswa kandi bigashobora kwihanganira isuri y’ibigize amazi y’amazi na metabolite ya mikorobe. Ibikoresho ubwabyo bigomba kuba inert kugirango birinde gushonga ibintu byangiza bitera umwanda wa kabiri, kandi ntibigomba kuba birimo imiti ibuza ibikorwa bya mikorobe. Urwego rwumubiri rugomba kuba rwujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa mugihe rukomeza ibintu byoroheje kugirango bigabanye umutwaro wa sisitemu.

3. Inzira ziteza imbere biofilm
Imikorere ya biofilm iterwa na fiziki ya chimique ya biofiller:

Imiterere yumubiri:Ubuso butagaragara hamwe nuburyo bwa microporome nibintu byingenzi. Ubuso bubi bushobora kwihutisha uburyo bwo gukora biofilm, mugihe mikorobe ituma mikorobe igumana binyuze mumikorere ya capillary.

Ibikoresho bya shimi:Ibiranga ubuso buranga hamwe na hydrophilique na hydrophobique bifite uruhare runini. Ubusanzwe ubuso bwa bagiteri bwashizwemo nabi, kandi ubushobozi bwiza hejuru ya biofiller burashobora guteza imbere ingirabuzimafatizo binyuze muri adsorption ya electrostatike. Ubuso bwa Hydrophilique burashobora kugabanya cyane uruziga rwa biofilm.

4. Ibikoresho bya mashini
Hagomba kubaho uburimbane hagati yumucyo nimbaraga nyinshi. Ibinyabuzima byiza bigomba kugira imbaraga zihagije zo guhangana n’ingaruka z’amazi, mugihe hagumye ubucucike buke kugirango ugabanye ingufu za sisitemu.

5. Ibitekerezo byubukungu
Ibiciro bya biofillers mubisanzwe bingana na 30% -40% byishoramari ryose mubikorwa bya biofilm, kubwibyo rero ni ngombwa guhitamo ibikoresho bikoresha neza. Ibikoresho bibisi bifite amasoko menshi kandi bitunganijwe neza bigomba guhitamo kugirango bigerweho neza mugihe harebwa imikorere.

III. Ikoranabuhanga rya "Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza" rya Biofillers

1.MBBR(Kwimura Uburiri bwa Biofilm)
Ibiranga:Uzuza ibinyabuzima bitembera muri pisine, kandi nta gusubira inyuma bisabwa.
Bikurikizwa:Umwanda mwinshi cyane, kuzamura ibihingwa bitunganya imyanda ishaje.

Igishushanyo2. Gushyira mubikorwa MBBR itunganya ibinyabuzima byuzuza

2. Icyuzi cya biologiya ihuza icyuzi
Ibiranga:Ibinyabuzima byuzuza ibinyabuzima byashyizwe mu cyuzi kandi bigomba guhora bisukurwa buri gihe.
Bikurikizwa:imyanda yo mu ngo, amazi mabi y’inganda.

Igishushanyo.3 Gushyira mubikorwa byuzuza ibinyabuzima muburyo bwo guhuza ibinyabuzima

IV. Incamake: Hitamo neza ibinyabuzima byuzuza kugirango gutunganya imyanda neza

Kuzuza ibinyabuzima ni "ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije" byo gutunganya imyanda. Guhitamo ibikoresho nibikorwa birashobora kunoza cyane ingaruka zo kuvura. Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe no kuzamura ibisabwa byo kurengera ibidukikije, ibinyabuzima byuzuza ibinyabuzima nka graphene na zeolite bizahinduka ubushakashatsi.

Agaciro ka tekiniki yuzuza ibinyabuzima ntigaragarira gusa mu kweza amazi ubwayo, ahubwo no mu guhuza ibikorwa bishya no gutunganya ibintu, biteza imbere gutunganya imyanda igana ku majyambere make ya karubone n’iterambere rishingiye ku mutungo, kandi iba inkunga ya tekiniki ya ngombwa muri gahunda igezweho yo gucunga ibidukikije by’amazi.