"The Invisible Hero" mu Madzi a Madzi - Biological Filler

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momweZomera Zochizira Zonyansakusandutsa zimbudzi zonyansa kukhala madzi aukhondo? Kuphatikiza pa zopereka za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, palinso zinthu zomwe zimathandizira mwakachetechete - biological filler. Zili ngati "nyumba zachilengedwe" m'madzi, kupereka malo okhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuwirikiza kawiri mphamvu ya kuyeretsa zimbudzi. Lero, tiyeni tione “ngwazi wosaoneka” ameneyu!

I. Kodi biological filler ndi chiyani?

Tanthauzo:Biofiller ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chonyamulira m'madzi otayira a biofilm, nthawi zambiri amakhala olimba, olimba pamtunda. Itha kukopa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipange ma biofilms ndikuchotsa zowononga kudzera mu biodegradation ndi kutsatsa kwakuthupi.
Ntchito zazikulu:
Perekani malo kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tigwirizane ndikuwonjezera biomass pa voliyumu ya unit.
Kutalikitsa nthawi yokhala ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndikuwongolera kuchotsedwa kwazinthu zovuta zoipitsa (monga ammonia nitrogen ndi organic matter).

Fig.1 Biological filler biofilm mapangidwe

II. Makhalidwe a biological fillers

1. Mapangidwe a Hydraulic performance kukhathamiritsa
Makina amadzimadzi amafuta achilengedwe amawonetsedwa makamaka mu miyeso inayi: malo enieni, mawonekedwe a pore, geometric morphology ndi kachulukidwe. Dera lapamwamba kwambiri ndilomwe limafunikira kusunga kuchuluka kwa biomass mu riyakitala, ndipo kuchuluka kwa biomass kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kuwonongeka kwadongosolo kwadongosolo. Komabe, kuwonjezereka kwa malo enaake kudzawonjezera kukana kwamadzimadzi nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu ya aeration.

Kukula kwa porosity kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito buku la riyakitala. Kuchuluka kwa porosity kumatha kukulitsa nthawi yokhalamo yamadzi otayira, kuchepetsa kukana kwamadzi, kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha kutsekeka ndi kuyenda kwaufupi, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zodzaza ndi zachilengedwe komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito.

2. Zofunika kukhazikika kwa mankhwala
The biofiller iyenera kukhala yosagwira dzimbiri komanso yokhoza kupirira kukokoloka kwa zigawo zamadzi onyansa ndi ma metabolites a microbial. Zinthuzo ziyenera kukhala zopanda mphamvu kuti zipewe kusungunuka kwa zinthu zovulaza zomwe zimayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri, ndipo zisakhale ndi mankhwala omwe amalepheretsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mulingo wakuthupi uyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zamakina mphamvu ndikusunga zinthu zopepuka kuti muchepetse katundu.

3. Njira zolimbikitsira kulumikizidwa kwa biofilm
Kuchita bwino kwa mapangidwe a biofilm kumadalira mphamvu ya physicochemical ya biofiller:

Zakuthupi:Kuuma kwapamtunda ndi kapangidwe ka microporous ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zowoneka bwino zimatha kufulumizitsa mapangidwe a biofilm, pomwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono timawonjezera kusungidwa kwa tizilombo kudzera mu capillary.

Chemical katundu:Mawonekedwe a pamwamba ndi hydrophilic ndi hydrophobic amatenga gawo lotsogola. Pamwamba pa mabakiteriya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mlandu woyipa, ndipo kuthekera koyenera pamwamba pa biofiller kumatha kulimbikitsa kulumikizidwa kwa cell kudzera pa electrostatic adsorption. Malo okhala ndi hydrophilic amatha kufupikitsa kwambiri mapangidwe a biofilm.

4. Zakuthupi makina katundu
Kulinganiza kuyenera kuchitika pakati pa kupepuka ndi mphamvu yayikulu. Biofiller yoyenera iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zolimbana ndi madzi, ndikusunga kachulukidwe kakang'ono kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi.

5. Malingaliro azachuma
Mtengo wa biofillers nthawi zambiri umakhala 30% -40% ya ndalama zonse zomwe zimachitika mu biofilm, kotero ndikofunikira kusankha zida zotsika mtengo. Zopangira zokhala ndi magwero osiyanasiyana komanso kukonza kosavuta ziyenera kukondedwa kuti zikwaniritse kukhathamiritsa kwa mtengo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikuyenda bwino.

III. "Best Partner" Technology ya Biofillers

1.Chithunzi cha MBBR(Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor)
Mawonekedwe:The biological filler imayenda momasuka mu dziwe, ndipo palibe kuchapa kumbuyo komwe kumafunikira.
Ikugwira ntchito:Zimbudzi zodzaza kwambiri, kukweza malo akale opangira zimbudzi.

Chithunzi 2. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa MBBR process biological filler

2. Biological kukhudzana makutidwe ndi okosijeni dziwe
Mawonekedwe:Ma biological fillers amakhazikika m'dziwe ndipo amafunika kutsukidwa pafupipafupi.
Ikugwira ntchito:zimbudzi zapakhomo, otsika-concentration mafakitale zinyalala.

Fig.3 Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa ma biological fillers mu biological contact oxidation process

IV. Chidule cha nkhaniyi: Sankhani choyezera choyenera cha biology kuti chimbudzi chikhale chogwira ntchito

Biological filler ndiye "mwala wapangodya wa chilengedwe" pakuchotsa zimbudzi. Kusankha zinthu zoyenera ndi ndondomeko kungathandize kwambiri zotsatira za mankhwala. M'tsogolomu, ndikukweza zofunikira zachitetezo cha chilengedwe, zodzaza zatsopano zamoyo monga graphene ndi zeolite zidzakhala malo ofufuza.

Ubwino waukadaulo wa zodzaza zamoyo sizimangowoneka pakuyeretsedwa kwamadzi kokha, komanso kudzera pakuphatikiza zinthu zatsopano ndi njira, zimalimbikitsa kuwongolera zimbudzi kumayendedwe otsika a carbon and resource based development, ndikukhala chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri pamayendedwe amakono olamulira chilengedwe chamadzi.